Philosophy — Defs

01 n. Literally, the love of, inducing the search after, wisdom; in actual usage, the knowledge of phenomena as explained by, and resolved into, …

pl. Philosophies ((fĭ*lŏs"ō̇*fĭz))

1.
Literally, the love of, inducing the search after, wisdom; in actual usage, the knowledge of phenomena as explained by, and resolved into, causes and reasons, powers and laws.
2.
A particular philosophical system or theory; the hypothesis by which particular phenomena are explained.
“[Books] of Aristotle and his philosophie.” — Chaucer.

“We shall in vain interpret their words by the notions of our philosophy and the doctrines in our school.” — Locke.
3.
Practical wisdom; calmness of temper and judgment; equanimity; fortitude; stoicism; as, to meet misfortune with philosophy.
“Then had he spent all his philosophy.” — Chaucer.
4.
Reasoning; argumentation.
“Of good and evil much they argued then, . . . Vain wisdom all, and false philosophy.” — Milton.
5.
The course of sciences read in the schools.
6.
A treatise on philosophy.

Phrases & compounds

Philosophy of the Academy — that of Plato, who taught his disciples in a grove in Athens called the Academy.

Philosophy of the Garden — that of Epicurus, who taught in a garden in Athens.

Philosophy of the Lyceum — that of Aristotle, the founder of the Peripatetic school, who delivered his lectures in the Lyceum at Athens.

Philosophy of the Porch — that of Zeno and the Stoics; -- so called because Zeno of Citium and his successors taught in the porch of the Poicile, a great hall in Athens.