Entry 1 sense Webster, 1913 Sarmatian /sär-māsh'-ən/ · Sar·ma·tian · IPA /sɑː(ɹ)ˈmeɪʃə/ 01 a. Of or pertaining to Sarmatia, or its inhabitants, the ancestors of the Russians and the Poles. 1. Of or pertaining to Sarmatia, or its inhabitants, the ancestors of the Russians and the Poles.